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Variant interpretation report

FGFR4 c.1162G>A, p.(Gly388Arg)

NM_213647.2:c.1162G>A NP_998812.1:p.(Gly388Arg) View identifiers
Classification
Benign

Variant description:

No variant summary was recorded for this case.

Five-step scale from benign to pathogenic. This variant is benign. Select a step to read what it means.

Benign.A benign classification under the recorded framework.

In plain language

Gene-level background from the recorded interpretation.

About FGFR4

No gene-level summary was recorded for this case.

LYFE Sciences is an AI system, and it can make mistakes. Criteria may be applied incorrectly, sources may be misread, and a confident-looking classification can still be wrong. Double-check every criterion and its underlying evidence before relying on any call.
01The reasoning

How it was classified

The recorded framework is Not recorded. The criteria and strengths shown below come from the saved assessment; this page does not recalculate the classification.

Recorded applied criteria

The applied criteria and their strengths are shown as assessed under the stated framework.

Pathogenic evidence criteria: 0 Benign evidence criteria: 6
Pathogenic criteria applied · 0

No pathogenic criterion marked as applied in the recorded assessment.

Benign criteria applied · 6
BA1Stand alone
BA1 · stand alone

Extremely high population frequency: gnomAD v2.1 AF=32.1% (89,487/278,670 alleles, 15,309 homozygotes) and gnomAD v4.1 AF=30.3% (487,943/1,612,462 alleles, 76,363 homozygotes). Far exceeds the BA1 threshold of >1%.

BS1Strong
BS1 · strong

Variant frequency (gnomAD AF=32.1%) far exceeds the threshold for any rare monogenic disorder (BS1 threshold >0.3%), and is inconsistent with a highly penetrant pathogenic role.

BS2Strong
BS2 · strong

Observed in homozygous state in 15,309 individuals in gnomAD v2.1 (76,363 in v4.1), demonstrating the variant is compatible with normal development and inconsistent with a fully penetrant pathogenic variant causing a severe monogenic disorder.

BP1Supporting
BP1 · supporting

Missense variant in FGFR4, a gene for which loss-of-function is the documented disease mechanism in germline FGFR4-related disorders (familial pituitary adenomas). Truncating variants, not missense changes, are the primarily established pathogenic variant type.

BP4Supporting
BP4 · supporting

Multiple in silico predictors suggest no deleterious impact: BayesDel score=0.0305 (benign), REVEL=0.519 (borderline/neutral), SpliceAI max delta=0.02 (no splicing impact).

BP6Supporting
BP6 · supporting

ClinVar classifies this variant as Benign based on submissions from 3 clinical laboratories (ClinVar VariationID 16326).

Recorded classification: Benign

gene-specific framework lacked a usable explicit final combination framework, so generic ACMG/AMP 2015 final-combination rules were applied as fallback; applied criteria: BA1 stand-alone benign, BS1 strong benign, BS2 strong benign, BP1 supporting benign, BP4 supporting benign, BP6 supporting benign; combination = 1 stand-alone benign + 2 strong benign + 3 supporting benign, which maps to Benign.

02The sources

Evidence at a glance

Evidence summaries and captured source records, where available. Missing entries should not be interpreted as negative findings.

gnomAD v4.1
gnomAD v2.1
Population frequency
487,943 / 1,612,462 alleles

gnomAD v4.1: 487,943 / 1,612,462 alleles. Recorded AF 0.302607. Recorded homozygote count 76363.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.321122; MAF= 32.11218%, 89487/278670 alleles, homozygotes = 15309) and has highest observed frequency in the East Asian population (AF= 0.450672; MAF= 45.06722%, 8917/19786 alleles, homozygotes = 2008); grpmax FAF= 0.441438.

gnomAD-Canada

This variant is present in gnomAD-Canada v1.0 (AF= 0.3066724625081504, 5644/18404 alleles, homozygotes = 883).

SpliceAI score
0.020 maximum delta

Recorded SpliceAI maximum delta score: 0.020. Refer to the recorded PP3/BP4 rationale for interpretation.

ClinVar submissions
3 reported laboratory submissions

3 Benign. ClinVar API review status: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts.

Functional evidence
Statement recorded

OncoKB did not identify variant-specific reviewed functional evidence for this variant; gene-level curated context is available for reviewer follow-up. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is altered by mutation, chromosomal rearrangement or amplification at low frequencies in various cancer types.

No listed criterion applied OncoKB ↗
COSMIC
Cancer Hotspots
Somatic evidence
88 recorded samples

This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV52800825, n = 88 times).

Cancer Hotspots

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.

For specialists

Technical detail

ACMG/AMP criteria under Not recorded, with the data and sources behind each one.

27 criteria with recorded statuses: 6 met · 9 not met · 0 not assessed · 12 not applicable. Open any row for the full reasoning, the rule and the evidence behind it.

Met Not met Not assessed Not applicable

FGFR4 c.1162G>A (p.Gly388Arg) is an extremely common polymorphism with a global allele frequency of 32.1% in gnomAD v2.1 (89,487/278,670 alleles, 15,309 homozygotes) and 30.3% in gnomAD v4.1 (487,943/1,612,462 alleles, 76,363 homozygotes), meeting BA1 (stand-alone benign).

The variant frequency far exceeds the threshold for any rare monogenic disorder (BS1 threshold >0.3%), with the highest subpopulation frequency of 45.1% in East Asians.

The variant has been observed in the homozygous state in 15,309 individuals in gnomAD v2.1, consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a common benign polymorphism and incompatible with a fully penetrant pathogenic variant (BS2).

FGFR4 germline disease is associated with loss-of-function; this is a missense variant not expected to recapitulate the LoF disease mechanism (BP1).

Multiple in silico predictors are consistent with a benign interpretation: BayesDel score 0.0305 (benign), REVEL 0.519 (neutral), and SpliceAI max delta 0.02 (no splicing impact) (BP4).

ClinVar classifies this variant as Benign based on submissions from 3 clinical laboratories (ClinVar VariationID 16326) (BP6).

Functional studies demonstrate FGFR4 G388R has gain-of-function effects (STAT3 binding, increased cancer cell motility) in cancer models, but these do not establish pathogenicity for a monogenic germline disorder and are superseded by the overwhelming population frequency evidence.

Met · 6

BA1 Stand aloneExtremely high population frequency: gnomAD v2.1 AF=32.1% (89,487/278,670 alleles, 15,309 homozygotes) and gnomAD v4.1 AF=30.3% (487,943/1,612,462 alleles, 76,363 homozygotes). Far exceeds the BA1 threshold of >1%. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v2.1: 89
  • 487/278
  • 670 alleles
  • 15
  • 309 homozygotes
  • global AF=32.1%.
  • gnomAD v4.1: 487
  • 943/1
  • 612
  • 462 alleles
  • 76
  • 363 homozygotes
  • global AF=30.3%.
  • Highest subpopulation frequency: East Asian
  • AF=45.1% (v2.1) / 43.8% (v4.1).
Sources
BS1 StrongVariant frequency (gnomAD AF=32.1%) far exceeds the threshold for any rare monogenic disorder (BS1 threshold >0.3%), and is inconsistent with a highly penetrant pathogenic role. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • Global AF=32.1% (v2.1) and 30.3% (v4.1)
  • orders of magnitude above the BS1 threshold of >0.3%.
  • Observed across all major population groups with AF ranging from 12.9% (African) to 45.1% (East Asian).
Sources
BS2 StrongObserved in homozygous state in 15,309 individuals in gnomAD v2.1 (76,363 in v4.1), demonstrating the variant is compatible with normal development and inconsistent with a fully penetrant pathogenic variant causing a severe monogenic disorder. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v2.1: 15
  • 309 homozygotes observed.
  • gnomAD v4.1: 76
  • 363 homozygotes observed.
  • Homozygote counts are consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a common polymorphism.
Sources
BP1 SupportingMissense variant in FGFR4, a gene for which loss-of-function is the documented disease mechanism in germline FGFR4-related disorders (familial pituitary adenomas). Truncating variants, not missense changes, are the primarily established pathogenic variant type. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • FGFR4 germline disease mechanism is loss-of-function (supported by PMID:26186299 and other sources).
  • Missense variants in a primarily LoF disease gene are less likely to be pathogenic.
Sources
pvs1_gene_context
BP4 SupportingMultiple in silico predictors suggest no deleterious impact: BayesDel score=0.0305 (benign), REVEL=0.519 (borderline/neutral), SpliceAI max delta=0.02 (no splicing impact). Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • BayesDel: 0.0305 (strongly benign).
  • REVEL: 0.519 (neutral
  • well below pathogenic threshold of ~0.75).
  • SpliceAI: max delta 0.02 (no predicted splicing alteration).
Sources
revelbayesdelspliceai ↗
BP6 SupportingClinVar classifies this variant as Benign based on submissions from 3 clinical laboratories (ClinVar VariationID 16326). Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar VariationID 16326: Benign classification
  • criteria provided (single submitter tier).
  • 3 clinical laboratories independently classify as Benign.
Sources

Not met · 9 · evaluated, threshold not reached

PS1 No alternative nucleotide change at codon 388 resulting in the same amino acid substitution (p.Gly388Arg) has been reported as pathogenic in ClinVar. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • Only the G>A change is reported at this codon
  • no independent pathogenic variant producing the same amino acid change.
Sources
PS3 Functional studies demonstrate that FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg alters receptor biology (STAT3 binding site exposure, increased cancer cell motility), but these are gain-of-function effects in cancer models rather than evidence of a deleterious effect causing a monogenic germline disorder. The variant is an established common polymorphism (gnomAD AF >30%). Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • PMID:11830541: FGFR4 Arg388 allele associated with increased cancer cell motility and tumor progression in mammary carcinoma cell lines.
  • PMID:26675719: FGFR4 p.G388R exposes a membrane-proximal STAT3 binding site
  • described as a commonly occurring SNP (rs351855).
Sources
PS4 No case-control data comparing affected versus unaffected individuals for a specific FGFR4-related monogenic germline disorder are available. Details ▾Hide ▴
Still missing
  • No case-control studies for FGFR4 germline disease.
PM1 The variant lies in the transmembrane domain of FGFR4 but is not located in a statistically significant mutational hotspot (cancerhotspots.org: not significant). The extremely high population frequency (gnomAD AF >30%) is inconsistent with a pathogenic mutational hotspot. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • cancerhotspots.org: residue 388 is not a statistically significant hotspot.
  • gnomAD: AF >30% across populations indicates this is a common polymorphism
  • not a disease-associated hotspot.
Sources
PM2 Variant is extremely common in population databases (gnomAD v2.1 AF=32.1%, v4.1 AF=30.3%), far exceeding the PM2 threshold of <0.1%. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • gnomAD v2.1: 89
  • 487/278
  • 670 alleles (AF=32.1%)
  • 15
  • 309 homozygotes.
  • gnomAD v4.1: 487
  • 943/1
  • 612
  • 462 alleles (AF=30.3%)
  • 76
  • 363 homozygotes.
Sources
PP2 FGFR4 does not have a low rate of benign missense variation; this variant itself is a common polymorphism present in over 30% of the general population. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • FGFR4 tolerates missense variation
  • p.Gly388Arg alone has AF >30% in gnomAD.
Sources
PP3 Multiple in silico predictors do not support a deleterious effect: BayesDel score=0.0305 (benign), REVEL=0.519 (borderline/neutral), SpliceAI max delta=0.02 (no splicing impact). Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • REVEL: 0.519 (below typical pathogenic threshold of ~0.75).
  • BayesDel: 0.0305 (strongly benign
  • well below pathogenic threshold).
  • SpliceAI: max delta score 0.02 (no predicted splice alteration).
Sources
revelbayesdelspliceai ↗
PP5 ClinVar consensus is Benign (3 clinical laboratories). The OMIM submission (SCV000038000) classifying the variant as Pathogenic is flagged as literature-only with no assertion criteria and is contradicted by current clinical consensus. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar VariationID 16326: Benign classification by 3 clinical laboratories (criteria provided
  • single submitter).
  • OMIM SCV000038000: Pathogenic
  • flagged submission
  • literature only
  • no assertion criteria — minimal evidentiary weight.
Sources
BS3 Published functional studies (PMID:11830541, PMID:26675719) demonstrate that FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg has biological activity (STAT3 binding, altered cancer cell motility) rather than no effect. Evidence of a gain-of-function alteration does not constitute evidence of no damaging effect for BS3. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • PMID:11830541: FGFR4 Arg388 allele promotes cancer cell motility.
  • PMID:26675719: FGFR4 p.G388R exposes a membrane-proximal STAT3 binding site.
Sources
Not applicable · 12· recorded as not applicable Show reasons ▾Hide reasons ▴
PVS1 N/AMissense variant (p.Gly388Arg); does not fall into a null-variant bucket (nonsense, frameshift, or canonical ±1,2 splice consensus variants). Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • Missense substitution at codon 388 in FGFR4 exon 9
  • not a predicted null variant.
Sources
pvs1_gene_contextpvs1_variant_assessment
PS2 N/ANo de novo data available for this variant. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

PM5 N/ANo pathogenic missense variants at codon 388 were identified in ClinVar; PM5 candidate search returned no comparator variants. Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • PM5 candidate harvesting found zero same-residue pathogenic comparator variants in ClinVar.
Sources
pm5_candidatesclinvar ↗
PM6 N/ANo de novo data available for this variant. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

PP1 N/ANo segregation data available. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

PP4 N/ANo patient phenotype or clinical data available. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

BS4 N/ANo segregation data available. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

BP2 N/ANo data on observation in trans with a known pathogenic variant. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

BP3 N/AThis is a substitution variant, not an in-frame deletion/insertion in a repetitive region. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

BP5 N/ANo data on observation in cases with an alternate molecular basis for disease. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

BP7 N/AMissense variant (p.Gly388Arg), not a synonymous variant. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

PS5 N/APS5 is not a standard criterion in the ACMG/AMP 2015 framework used for this classification. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

Identifiers

Gene
FGFR4
Transcript
NM_213647.2
Coding (HGVS c.)
NM_213647.2:c.1162G>A
Protein (HGVS p.)
NP_998812.1:p.(Gly388Arg)
GRCh38
chr5:177093242 G>A
GRCh37
chr5:176520243 G>A
ClinVar
16326
COSMIC
COSV52800825

Gene diagram

Every interpreted variant in FGFR4, mapped onto the exon structure of NM_213647.2. Select a row to find it on the plot.

FGFR4NM_213647.2
Fetching transcript structure from UCSC…
gnomAD v4.1 487,943 / 1,612,462 alleles AF 0.303 · 76363 homozygotes · FAF 0.433
gnomAD v2.1 89,487 / 278,670 alleles AF 0.321 · 15309 homozygotes · FAF 0.441
gnomAD-Canada v1.0 Allele count data not recorded

By genetic ancestry

gnomAD v4.1

AF 0.3 · 487943 / 1,612,462 alleles · 76363 hom · FAF 0.43
East Asian19626 / 44,778 0.444303 hom
Admixed American23199 / 59,888 0.394684 hom
South Asian31927 / 91,004 0.355806 hom
European (Finnish)20954 / 63,772 0.333513 hom
Ashkenazi Jewish9351 / 29,532 0.321477 hom
Remaining individuals19204 / 62,440 0.313037 hom
European (non-Finnish)351873 / 1,179,108 0.352564 hom
Middle Eastern1740 / 6,050 0.29267 hom
Amish248 / 912 0.2732 hom
African/African American9821 / 74,978 0.13680 hom

gnomAD v2.1

AF 0.32 · 89487 / 278,670 alleles · 15309 hom · FAF 0.44
East Asian8917 / 19,786 0.452008 hom
Admixed American14782 / 35,216 0.423124 hom
South Asian10745 / 30,522 0.351929 hom
European (Finnish)8097 / 24,858 0.331399 hom
Ashkenazi Jewish3254 / 10,218 0.32512 hom
Remaining individuals2261 / 7,124 0.32349 hom
European (non-Finnish)38234 / 126,270 0.35780 hom
African/African American3197 / 24,676 0.13208 hom

gnomAD-Canada

AF not recorded · ? / ? alleles

Statements

gnomAD v4.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 0.302607; MAF= 30.26074%, 487943/1612462 alleles, homozygotes = 76363) and has highest observed frequency in the East Asian population (AF= 0.438296; MAF= 43.82956%, 19626/44778 alleles, homozygotes = 4303); grpmax FAF= 0.433162.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.321122; MAF= 32.11218%, 89487/278670 alleles, homozygotes = 15309) and has highest observed frequency in the East Asian population (AF= 0.450672; MAF= 45.06722%, 8917/19786 alleles, homozygotes = 2008); grpmax FAF= 0.441438.

gnomAD-Canada

This variant is present in gnomAD-Canada v1.0 (AF= 0.3066724625081504, 5644/18404 alleles, homozygotes = 883).

Open the gnomAD-Canada detail page →

SpliceAI and Pangolin

SpliceAI acceptor lossat -109 bp
0.020
SpliceAI acceptor gainat +90 bp
0.020
SpliceAI donor lossat +89 bp
0.010
SpliceAI donor gainat -65 bp
0.020
Pangolin splice lossmagnitude shown
-0.030
Pangolin splice gain
0.000

Other predictors

REVEL
0.519
BayesDel
0.030

How the predictions were used

BP4 SupportingMultiple in silico predictors suggest no deleterious impact: BayesDel score=0.0305 (benign), REVEL=0.519 (borderline/neutral), SpliceAI max delta=0.02 (no splicing impact). Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • BayesDel: 0.0305 (strongly benign).
  • REVEL: 0.519 (neutral
  • well below pathogenic threshold of ~0.75).
  • SpliceAI: max delta 0.02 (no predicted splicing alteration).
Sources
revelbayesdelspliceai ↗
PP3 Multiple in silico predictors do not support a deleterious effect: BayesDel score=0.0305 (benign), REVEL=0.519 (borderline/neutral), SpliceAI max delta=0.02 (no splicing impact). Details ▾Hide ▴
Evidence considered
  • REVEL: 0.519 (below typical pathogenic threshold of ~0.75).
  • BayesDel: 0.0305 (strongly benign
  • well below pathogenic threshold).
  • SpliceAI: max delta score 0.02 (no predicted splice alteration).
Sources
revelbayesdelspliceai ↗
BP7 N/AMissense variant (p.Gly388Arg), not a synonymous variant. Details ▾Hide ▴

No further detail was recorded.

Statement

In silico

SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.02). REVEL score = 0.519. BayesDel score = 0.0304758.

4 paper records listed. No publication is explicitly linked to an applied criterion in the recorded metadata.

Recorded publications

  • Cancer progression and tumor cell motility are associated with the FGFR4 Arg(388) allele.
    Bange J et al. · 2002
    FGFR4 Arg388 allele (c.1162G>A, p.Gly388Arg) was discovered in MDA-MB-453 mammary carcinoma cells. Expression of the Arg388 allele in cancer cell lines was associated with increased cell motility and tumor progression in mouse models.
    Names this variant
    PMID 11830541 ↗
    Quoted passage
    In the FGFR4 gene transcript from MDA-MB-453 mammary carcinoma cells, a G to A conversion was discovered that results in the substitution of glycine by arginine at position 388 in the transmembrane domain of the receptor.

    Abstract; full text not available for review.

  • Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology.
    Richards S et al. · 2015
    ACMG/AMP 2015 standards and guidelines for variant interpretation. FGFR4 c.1162G>A was not discussed in this paper.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 25741868 ↗
  • Germline variant FGFR4 &#x2009;p.G388R exposes a membrane-proximal STAT3 binding site.
    Ulaganathan VK et al. · 2015
    FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg (rs351855, c.1162G>A) is a common SNP that exposes a membrane-proximal STAT3 binding site. The Arg388 variant enhances STAT3 signaling and was shown to promote oncogenic effects.
    Names this variant
    PMID 26675719 ↗
    Quoted passage
    Variant rs351855-G/A is a commonly occurring single-nucleotide polymorphism of coding regions in exon 9 of the fibroblast growth factor receptor FGFR4 (CD334) gene (c.1162G>A). It results in an amino-acid change at codon 388 from glycine to arginine (p.Gly388Arg) in the transmembrane domain of the receptor.

    Abstract; full text not available for review.

  • High-depth African genomes inform human migration and health.
    Choudhury A et al. · 2020
    High-depth whole-genome sequencing of 426 African individuals; reports population genetic variation. FGFR4 c.1162G>A was not discussed in this paper.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 33116287 ↗

Screenshots represent source records captured during evidence collection. Select one to view the recorded source content.

All source links

Statements for reports

The evidence statements recorded by the interpretation pipeline. They have not been reinterpreted by the page.

gnomAD v4.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 0.302607; MAF= 30.26074%, 487943/1612462 alleles, homozygotes = 76363) and has highest observed frequency in the East Asian population (AF= 0.438296; MAF= 43.82956%, 19626/44778 alleles, homozygotes = 4303); grpmax FAF= 0.433162.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 0.321122; MAF= 32.11218%, 89487/278670 alleles, homozygotes = 15309) and has highest observed frequency in the East Asian population (AF= 0.450672; MAF= 45.06722%, 8917/19786 alleles, homozygotes = 2008); grpmax FAF= 0.441438.

gnomAD-Canada

This variant is present in gnomAD-Canada v1.0 (AF= 0.3066724625081504, 5644/18404 alleles, homozygotes = 883).

ClinVar

This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Benign (3 clinical laboratories). (ClinVarID = 16326)

In silico

SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.02). REVEL score = 0.519. BayesDel score = 0.0304758.

Functional

OncoKB did not identify variant-specific reviewed functional evidence for this variant; gene-level curated context is available for reviewer follow-up. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is altered by mutation, chromosomal rearrangement or amplification at low frequencies in various cancer types.

Somatic

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV52800825, n = 88 times).

Cancer Hotspots

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.