About PSEN1
No gene-level summary was recorded for this case.
No variant summary was recorded for this case.
Five-step scale from benign to pathogenic. This variant is uncertain. Select a step to read what it means.
Uncertain.The recorded classification is uncertain significance.
Gene-level background from the recorded interpretation.
Words with a dotted underline have a short definition. Hover or tap them.No gene-level summary was recorded for this case.
The recorded framework is Not recorded. The criteria and strengths shown below come from the saved assessment; this page does not recalculate the classification.
The applied criteria and their strengths are shown as assessed under the stated framework.
This variant is extremely rare in population databases, well below the 0.1% PM2 threshold. gnomAD v2.1: 3/280,740 alleles (AF=0.00107%); gnomAD v4.1: 23/1,613,504 alleles (AF=0.00143%); grpmax FAF=2.55e-05. Absent from gnomAD-Canada.
The variant co-segregates with early-onset frontotemporal dementia in 4 affected individuals over 2 generations in the FUS family (PMID:18314228). However, incomplete penetrance is noted: 2 cognitively healthy elderly carriers were identified (IV-5 at age 49, III-2 at age 71; PMID:21297264), which tempers the segregation signal.
No benign criterion marked as applied in the recorded assessment.
gene-specific framework lacked a usable explicit final combination framework, so generic ACMG/AMP 2015 final-combination rules were applied as fallback; applied criteria: PM2 supporting, PP1 supporting; combination = 2 supporting, which maps to VUS.
Evidence summaries and captured source records, where available. Missing entries should not be interpreted as negative findings.
gnomAD v4.1: 23 / 1,613,504 alleles. Recorded AF 1.42547e-05. Recorded homozygote count 0.
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 1.0686e-05; MAF= 0.00107%, 3/280740 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 4.09802e-05; MAF= 0.00410%, 1/24402 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.95e-06.
Absent from gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
Recorded SpliceAI maximum delta score: 0.000. Refer to the recorded PP3/BP4 rationale for interpretation.
3 Uncertain significance.
No standalone functional evidence summary is recorded in evidence_summary.functional.
This variant has not previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC).
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.
ACMG/AMP criteria under Not recorded, with the data and sources behind each one.
29 criteria with recorded statuses: 2 met · 21 not met · 1 not assessed · 5 not applicable. Open any row for the full reasoning, the rule and the evidence behind it.
NM_000021.3(PSEN1):c.1234G>A (p.Val412Ile) is extremely rare in population databases, with an allele frequency of 0.00107% in gnomAD v2.1 (3/280,740 alleles) and 0.00143% in gnomAD v4.1 (23/1,613,504 alleles), meeting PM2 at supporting level.
The variant co-segregates with early-onset frontotemporal dementia in 4 affected individuals across 2 generations in the FUS family (Bernardi et al. 2009, PMID:18314228), meeting PP1 at supporting level. However, incomplete penetrance is noted with 2 cognitively healthy carriers identified at ages 49 and 71 in follow-up (Bernardi et al. 2011, PMID:21297264).
No variant-specific functional data are available. The in vitro study of 138 PSEN1 pathogenic mutations by Sun et al. (PMID:27930341) did not include p.Val412Ile, as it is currently classified as a variant of uncertain significance.
In silico predictors are mixed: REVEL score is 0.679, BayesDel is 0.305, and SpliceAI predicts no splicing impact (delta=0.00). The ClinVar submitter LabCorp notes 3 of 5 in silico tools predict a benign effect, precluding application of PP3.
This variant is classified as Uncertain significance by 3 clinical laboratories in ClinVar (ID: 1318725). No submitter classifies it as pathogenic or likely pathogenic.
Overall, the evidence for pathogenicity is limited to one supporting criterion (PM2) and one supporting criterion (PP1). With only 2 supporting criteria met and no moderate or strong pathogenic criteria, the variant does not reach the threshold for Likely Pathogenic (which requires 2 supporting + 1 moderate, or variants thereof). The classification remains Uncertain significance.
No criteria match.
No further detail was recorded.
No further detail was recorded.
No further detail was recorded.
No further detail was recorded.
No further detail was recorded.
Every interpreted variant in PSEN1, mapped onto the exon structure of NM_000021.3. Select a row to find it on the plot.
| Protein | Location | Classification | Link |
|---|
| African/African American5 / 74,908 | 6.7e-05 |
| South Asian2 / 91,082 | 2.2e-05 |
| Remaining individuals1 / 62,422 | 1.6e-05 |
| European (non-Finnish)15 / 1,179,924 | 1.3e-05 |
| African/African American1 / 24,402 | 4.1e-05 |
| European (non-Finnish)2 / 128,152 | 1.6e-05 |
This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 1.42547e-05; MAF= 0.00143%, 23/1613504 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 6.67485e-05; MAF= 0.00667%, 5/74908 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.55e-05.
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 1.0686e-05; MAF= 0.00107%, 3/280740 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 4.09802e-05; MAF= 0.00410%, 1/24402 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.95e-06.
Absent from gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
No further detail was recorded.
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.679. BayesDel score = 0.305405.
5 paper records listed. 2 cited in the classification.
Val412Ile is a heterozygous transition in exon 11 (g.69148G>A according to GenBank accession number AF109907.1; c.1234 according to GenBank accession number NM 000021.2) of the PSEN1 gene in the first position of codon 412, which predicts an aminoacidic substitution from valine to isoleucine and it was detected in a 38-year-old female (FUS family).
Location Abstract; Results, sections 3.1-3.2; Figure 2; Figure 3A pedigree; Discussion
Context DHPLC screening and Sanger sequencing of PSEN1 exons 3-12 in 17 f-EOFTD patients; RFLP and DHPLC for control validation
The PSEN1 Val412Ile mutation, which was previously detected in the three patients [14], was also identified in two additional family members (IV-5, III-2, in this paper).
Location Abstract; Results; Table 1; Figure 1 pedigree; Discussion
Context Bidirectional sequencing of PRNP and PSEN1 genes; APOE genotyping, MAPT haplotype analysis, PRNP M129V polymorphism assessment
Screenshots represent source records captured during evidence collection. Select one to view the recorded source content.
The evidence statements recorded by the interpretation pipeline. They have not been reinterpreted by the page.
This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 1.42547e-05; MAF= 0.00143%, 23/1613504 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 6.67485e-05; MAF= 0.00667%, 5/74908 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.55e-05.
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 1.0686e-05; MAF= 0.00107%, 3/280740 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the African/African American population (AF= 4.09802e-05; MAF= 0.00410%, 1/24402 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.95e-06.
Absent from gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (3 clinical laboratories). (ClinVarID = 1318725)
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.679. BayesDel score = 0.305405.
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has not previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC).
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.