About CTNNB1
No gene-level summary was recorded for this case.
No variant summary was recorded for this case.
Five-step scale from benign to pathogenic. This variant is likely pathogenic. Select a step to read what it means.
Likely pathogenic.A likely pathogenic classification under the recorded framework.
Gene-level background from the recorded interpretation.
Words with a dotted underline have a short definition. Hover or tap them.No gene-level summary was recorded for this case.
The recorded framework is Not recorded. The criteria and strengths shown below come from the saved assessment; this page does not recalculate the classification.
The applied criteria and their strengths are shown as assessed under the stated framework.
Saturation genome editing (PMID:41629672) systematically characterized all 342 possible missense mutations in the CTNNB1 exon 3 degron hotspot (positions 31–48), directly including p.Ser37Phe, and demonstrated gain-of-function signaling activation via an endogenous-locus reporter assay. Independently, PMID:22815287 directly tested the β-catenin S37F variant in luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and IL-10 induction experiments in human melanoma cell lines, confirming constitutive Wnt pathway activation. PMID:10192393 independently identified S37F as a β-catenin-stabilizing mutation in pilomatricomas. Two or more independent publications provide systematic functional evidence supporting a gain-of-function pathogenic effect for this variant.
Ser37 is a critical GSK3β phosphorylation residue within the N-terminal β-TRCP degron motif (DpSGXXpS, residues 32–37). This well-characterized functional domain mediates phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of β-catenin. Saturation mutagenesis (PMID:41629672) confirms this position is essential for degron function, and the variant lies within a statistically significant cancer mutational hotspot (cancerhotspots.org). Missense variants in this domain are a recognized gain-of-function mechanism.
The variant is absent from all population databases: gnomAD v2.1, gnomAD v4.1, and gnomAD-Canada v1.0 (allele frequency = 0). This meets the non-VCEP PM2 threshold of <0.1%.
No benign criterion marked as applied in the recorded assessment.
gene-specific framework lacked a usable explicit final combination framework, so generic ACMG/AMP 2015 final-combination rules were applied as fallback; applied criteria: PS3 strong, PM1 moderate, PM2 moderate; combination = 1 strong + 2 moderate, which maps to Likely Pathogenic.
Evidence summaries and captured source records, where available. Missing entries should not be interpreted as negative findings.
gnomAD v4.1 allele counts were not recorded for this variant.
Absent from gnomAD v2.1.
Absent from gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
Recorded SpliceAI maximum delta score: 0.000. Refer to the recorded PP3/BP4 rationale for interpretation.
A ClinVar laboratory submission summary was not recorded. ClinVar API review status: no assertion criteria provided.
OncoKB identified variant-specific curated literature and context relevant to functional review; biological-effect context: Gain-of-function; curated oncogenicity label: Likely Oncogenic.
This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV62687856, n = 410 times).
This variant lies in a statistically significant hotspot.
ACMG/AMP criteria under Not recorded, with the data and sources behind each one.
27 criteria with recorded statuses: 3 met · 19 not met · 0 not assessed · 5 not applicable. Open any row for the full reasoning, the rule and the evidence behind it.
NM_001098209.2:c.110C>T (p.Ser37Phe) in CTNNB1 is absent from all population databases (gnomAD v2.1, v4.1, gnomAD-Canada), meeting PM2 at moderate strength.
Ser37 is a critical phosphorylation residue within the N-terminal β-TRCP degron motif (DpSGXXpS, residues 32-37), a well-characterized functional domain mediating β-catenin ubiquitination and degradation. This position is a statistically significant cancer mutational hotspot, meeting PM1 at moderate strength.
Saturation genome editing across all 342 possible missense substitutions in the CTNNB1 exon 3 degron (positions 31-48) demonstrated that p.Ser37Phe confers gain-of-function Wnt pathway activation (PMID:41629672). Independently, direct functional testing of β-catenin S37F in melanoma cell lines confirmed constitutive TCF/LEF transcriptional activity, IL-10 induction, and immune suppression (PMID:22815287). Two or more independent publications with systematic functional characterization meet PS3 at strong strength.
Combined classification: PS3 (strong) + PM1 (moderate) + PM2 (moderate) = Likely Pathogenic per generic ACMG/AMP 2015 combination rules (1 strong + 2 moderate).
No criteria match.
No further detail was recorded.
Every interpreted variant in CTNNB1, mapped onto the exon structure of NM_001098209.2. Select a row to find it on the plot.
| Protein | Location | Classification | Link |
|---|
Absent from gnomAD v4.1.
Absent from gnomAD v2.1.
Absent from gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.586. BayesDel score = 0.14345.
7 paper records listed. 3 cited in the classification.
S37C (TCT→TGT), S37F (TCT→TTT) and T41I (ACC→ATC)
Location Results paragraphs describing Figure 3; Figure 5a (schematic of mutations)
Context PCR amplification and direct sequencing of exon 3 from microdissected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pilomatricoma tissue; HinfI restriction endonuclease confirmation
We have previously identified a mutation of β-catenin (S37F) as a melanoma Ag recognized by T cells.
Location Abstract line 137; Results sections 'High IL-10 expression', 'b-catenin directly promotes IL-10 expression', 'DC impairment', 'CTL impairment'; Figures 2, 4, 5, 6
Context Human melanoma cell lines (624mel, 888mel, 397mel, 928mel, 938mel); luciferase reporter assays in HeLa and HEK293T cells; ChIP in 888mel; in vivo xenograft models in nude and NOG mice
Residues T41 and S45 were most frequently affected, comprising 27% and 25% of hotspot missense mutations, respectively, followed by S37, S33, D32 and G34.
Location Figure 1e, Figure 2a (heatmap), Figure 3a, Results section 'Mutational scanning reveals diverse consequences of Ctnnb1 hotspot mutations'
Context Saturation genome editing (CRISPR HDR) in mouse ES cells; Tcf/Lef-H2B-GFP fluorescent reporter assay quantifying Wnt pathway activation
M012: c→t, 37, Ser→Phe
Table 2: Patient M012, exon 3, c→t, codon 37, Ser→Phe
Ser(TCT)37(TTT)Phe
Table 4: Cases 1 and 6, Ser(TCT)37(TTT)Phe; Figure 2d
Screenshots represent source records captured during evidence collection. Select one to view the recorded source content.
The evidence statements recorded by the interpretation pipeline. They have not been reinterpreted by the page.
Absent from gnomAD v4.1.
Absent from gnomAD v2.1.
Absent from gnomAD-Canada v1.0.
This variant has been reported in ClinVar but submission details could not be extracted. (ClinVarID = 17586)
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00). REVEL score = 0.586. BayesDel score = 0.14345.
OncoKB identified variant-specific curated literature and context relevant to functional review; biological-effect context: Gain-of-function; curated oncogenicity label: Likely Oncogenic.
This variant lies in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV62687856, n = 410 times).
This variant lies in a statistically significant hotspot.