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Variant interpretation report

MSH3 c.2006G>A, p.(Arg669Gln)

NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln) Missense · exon 14 View identifiers
Classification
Uncertain significance

Variant description:

No variant summary was recorded for this case.

Five-step scale from benign to pathogenic. This variant is uncertain. Select a step to read what it means.

Uncertain.The recorded classification is uncertain significance.

In plain language

Gene-level background from the recorded interpretation.

About MSH3

MSH3 encodes a protein that partners with MSH2 to form MutS beta, a key component of the DNA mismatch repair system that recognizes and corrects errors made during DNA replication. It acts as a tumor suppressor: loss of MSH3 function leads to mismatch repair deficiency, an elevated mutation rate, and increased cancer risk, and the gene is frequently altered in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancers. Defects in MSH3 are linked to susceptibility to endometrial cancer, and inherited mutations are associated with an autosomal recessive form of familial adenomatous polyposis, with minimal evidence for a role in Lynch syndrome. Tumors with mismatch repair deficiency, including those involving MSH3, tend to respond well to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies.

LYFE Sciences is an AI system, and it can make mistakes. Criteria may be applied incorrectly, sources may be misread, and a confident-looking classification can still be wrong. Double-check every criterion and its underlying evidence before relying on any call.
01The reasoning

How it was classified

The recorded framework is Not recorded. The criteria and strengths shown below come from the saved assessment; this page does not recalculate the classification.

Recorded applied criteria

The applied criteria and their strengths are shown as assessed under the stated framework.

Pathogenic evidence criteria: 1 Benign evidence criteria: 1
Pathogenic criteria applied · 1
PM2Supporting
PM2 · supporting

Met at supporting: gnomAD v4.1 AF 4.46249e-05 is below the generic PM2 threshold of 0.0001, with zero homozygotes.

Benign criteria applied · 1
BP4Supporting
BP4 · supporting

Met at supporting strength: REVEL score 0.202 is below the BP4 threshold of 0.29 for missense variants.

Recorded classification: Uncertain significance

VUS: PM2 supporting for rarity plus BP4 supporting for a low REVEL score do not satisfy a generic ACMG/AMP pathogenic or benign combination rule.

02The sources

Evidence at a glance

Evidence summaries and captured source records, where available. Missing entries should not be interpreted as negative findings.

gnomAD v4.1
gnomAD v2.1
Population frequency
72 / 1,613,448 alleles

gnomAD v4.1: 72 / 1,613,448 alleles. Recorded AF 4.46249e-05. Recorded homozygote count 0.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 2.38798e-05; MAF= 0.00239%, 6/251258 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Admixed American population (AF= 8.67303e-05; MAF= 0.00867%, 3/34590 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.298e-05.

gnomAD-Canada

Not available in gnomAD-Canada v1.0.

No screenshot for this evidence
REVEL score
0.202 recorded score

Recorded REVEL score: 0.202. Refer to the recorded PP3/BP4 rationale for interpretation.

ClinVar submissions
10 reported laboratory submissions

8 Uncertain significance · 2 Likely benign. ClinVar API review status: criteria provided, conflicting classifications.

Context only ClinVar ↗
Functional evidence
Statement recorded

OncoKB did not identify variant-specific reviewed functional evidence for this variant; gene-level curated context is available for reviewer follow-up. MSH3, a DNA mismatch repair protein, is frequently mutated in colorectal cancers.

No listed criterion applied OncoKB ↗
COSMIC
Cancer Hotspots
Somatic evidence
1 recorded samples

This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV99434793, n = 1 times).

Cancer Hotspots

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.

For specialists

Technical detail

ACMG/AMP criteria under Not recorded, with the data and sources behind each one.

28 criteria with recorded statuses: 2 met · 5 not met · 17 not assessed · 4 not applicable. Open any row for the full reasoning, the rule and the evidence behind it.

Met Not met Not assessed Not applicable

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP or gene-specific framework was found, so generic ACMG/AMP criteria were used.

The available evidence contains no variant-specific proband, parental testing, segregation, meiosis, or affected-relative non-segregation data; therefore PS2, PM6, PP1, and BS4 are all not assessed rather than met or not met.

No MSH3-specific VCEP or gene-specific framework is available; generic ACMG/AMP concepts were used only where applicable.

PS4, PP4, and BP5 are not assessed because the available record lacks the required variant-specific prevalence, patient-specific phenotype, or confirmed alternate-cause evidence.

PP5 and BP6 are not met because the exact variant has zero ClinVar expert-panel submissions; single-submitter laboratory classifications are excluded by rule.

Population evidence supports PM2 at supporting strength because the variant is rare in all-comers gnomAD v2.1 and v4.1 and absent in homozygous state.

BA1 and BS1 are not met because observed allele frequencies are far below their supplied generic thresholds.

BS2 is not assessed because population observations lack phenotype-linked evidence of unaffected status.

Met · 2

PM2 SupportingMet at supporting: gnomAD v4.1 AF 4.46249e-05 is below the generic PM2 threshold of 0.0001, with zero homozygotes. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP or gene framework was found, so the supplied generic PM2 supporting threshold of allele frequency <=0.0001 applies. The default all-comers gnomAD v4.1 AF is 4.46249e-05 (72/1,613,448 alleles; homozygotes=0), and gnomAD v2.1 AF is 2.38798e-05 (6/251,258 alleles; homozygotes=0); both are below 0.0001. The non-cancer subsets are concordant: gnomAD v2.1 non-cancer exomes AF=2.1122e-05 (5/236,720 alleles) and gnomAD v3.1 non-cancer genomes AF=2.70933e-05 (4/147,638 alleles), each with zero homozygotes. Therefore, PM2 is met at supporting strength.

Rule
{'source': 'generic_acmg_svi', 'threshold': 'allele frequency <=0.0001', 'strength': 'supporting', 'population_source': 'all-comers gnomAD v2.1/v4.1 by default because no governing VCEP specifies another source; non-cancer subsets are concordant'}
Evidence considered
  • Default all-comers gnomAD v4.1 reports AF=4.46249e-05 from 72/1,613,448 alleles, with zero homozygotes.
  • Default all-comers gnomAD v2.1 reports AF=2.38798e-05 from 6/251,258 alleles, with zero homozygotes.
  • Concordant non-cancer subsets report AF=2.1122e-05 in gnomAD v2.1 non-cancer exomes and AF=2.70933e-05 in gnomAD v3.1 non-cancer genomes, with zero homozygotes in both.
  • The supplied generic ClinGen SVI PM2 supporting threshold is allele frequency <=0.0001.
Sources
BP4 SupportingMet at supporting strength: REVEL score 0.202 is below the BP4 threshold of 0.29 for missense variants. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is a missense substitution, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the sole applicable computational path. The REVEL score is 0.202, meeting the generic ClinGen SVI BP4 supporting threshold of <=0.29. It does not meet the stronger BP4 thresholds of <=0.183 (moderate) or <=0.016 (strong). SpliceAI and BayesDel were not used because they are not the calibrated path for this missense BP4 assessment, and no MSH3-specific VCEP specification was available.

Rule
missense_only; REVEL_BP4_supporting <= 0.29; moderate <= 0.183; strong <= 0.016
Evidence considered
  • The normalized consequence is missense, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the applicable BP4 path and SpliceAI is not used.
  • REVEL score: 0.202; generic ClinGen SVI calibration assigns BP4 supporting at <=0.29, moderate at <=0.183, and strong at <=0.016 (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997).
Sources
revel

Not met · 5 · evaluated, threshold not reached

PP3 Not met: REVEL score 0.202 is below the PP3 supporting threshold of 0.644 for missense variants. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is a missense substitution, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the sole applicable computational path. The REVEL score is 0.202, which does not meet the generic ClinGen SVI PP3 supporting threshold of >=0.644; the stronger PP3 thresholds are also not met. SpliceAI and BayesDel were not used because they are not the calibrated path for this missense PP3 assessment, and no MSH3-specific VCEP specification was available.

Rule
missense_only; REVEL_PP3_supporting >= 0.644; moderate >= 0.773; strong >= 0.932
Evidence considered
  • The normalized consequence is missense, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the applicable PP3 path and SpliceAI is not used.
  • REVEL score: 0.202; generic ClinGen SVI calibration assigns PP3 supporting at >=0.644, moderate at >=0.773, and strong at >=0.932 (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997).
Sources
revel
PP5 Not met: ClinVar reports 0 expert-panel submissions, and no exact-variant Pathogenic or Likely pathogenic expert-panel classification exists. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PP5 is restricted here to an exact-variant ClinVar expert-panel classification of Pathogenic or Likely pathogenic. The exact variant NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln) has no ClinVar expert-panel submission; the audit reports zero expert-panel submissions, with available assertions limited to single-submitter laboratory classifications of uncertain significance or likely benign. Therefore PP5 is not met. No publication can substitute for the required expert-panel classification.

Rule
PP5 supporting only when an exact-variant ClinVar expert panel classifies the variant as Pathogenic or Likely pathogenic; expert-panel evidence is absent.
Evidence considered
  • The exact-match ClinVar audit reports 0 expert-panel submissions and only single-submitter laboratory assertions, including uncertain significance and likely benign classifications.
  • Under the specified rule, ordinary laboratory submissions, aggregate labels, and non-expert assertions cannot trigger PP5.
Sources
BA1 Not met: gnomAD v4.1 allele frequency 4.46249e-05 is far below the generic BA1 threshold of 0.05. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP or gene framework was found, so the supplied generic ACMG/AMP BA1 threshold of allele frequency >=0.05 applies. The highest observed allele frequency is 4.46249e-05 in all-comers gnomAD v4.1 (72/1,613,448 alleles; homozygotes=0), far below 0.05; the gnomAD v2.1 all-comers frequency is 2.38798e-05 (6/251,258 alleles). Therefore, BA1 is not met.

Rule
{'source': 'generic_acmg_amp', 'threshold': 'allele frequency >=0.05', 'population_source': 'all-comers gnomAD v2.1/v4.1 by default because no governing VCEP specifies another source'}
Evidence considered
  • All-comers gnomAD v4.1 reports 72/1,613,448 alleles, AF=4.46249e-05, with zero homozygotes.
  • All-comers gnomAD v2.1 reports 6/251,258 alleles, AF=2.38798e-05, with zero homozygotes.
  • The supplied generic ACMG/AMP BA1 stand-alone threshold is allele frequency >=0.05.
Sources
BS1 Not met: the highest gnomAD v4.1 frequency is 4.46249e-05, below the generic BS1 threshold of 0.01. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP or gene framework was found, so the supplied generic BS1 threshold of allele frequency >=0.01 applies. The highest observed allele frequency is 4.46249e-05 in all-comers gnomAD v4.1, with the highest reported subpopulation frequency 6.66889e-05 in Admixed American individuals; both are below 0.01. The gnomAD v2.1 all-comers AF is 2.38798e-05. Therefore, BS1 is not met.

Rule
{'source': 'generic_acmg_svi_default', 'threshold': 'allele frequency >=0.01', 'population_source': 'all-comers gnomAD v2.1/v4.1 by default because no governing VCEP specifies another source'}
Evidence considered
  • All-comers gnomAD v4.1 reports overall AF=4.46249e-05 and highest observed subpopulation AF=6.66889e-05 in Admixed American individuals.
  • All-comers gnomAD v2.1 reports overall AF=2.38798e-05 and highest observed subpopulation AF=8.67303e-05 in Admixed American individuals.
  • The supplied generic BS1 threshold is allele frequency >=0.01.
Sources
BP6 Not met: ClinVar reports 0 expert-panel submissions, so the two single-submitter Likely benign assertions cannot trigger BP6. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BP6 is restricted here to an exact-variant ClinVar expert-panel classification of Benign or Likely benign. The exact variant NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln) has no ClinVar expert-panel submission; the audit reports zero expert-panel submissions. Although two laboratory submissions report Likely benign, they are ordinary single-submitter assertions and are explicitly excluded from BP6 under the governing instruction. Therefore BP6 is not met.

Rule
BP6 supporting only when an exact-variant ClinVar expert panel classifies the variant as Benign or Likely benign; expert-panel evidence is absent.
Evidence considered
  • The exact-match ClinVar audit reports 0 expert-panel submissions; the available Likely benign classifications are single-submitter laboratory assertions.
  • Under the specified rule, ordinary laboratory submissions, aggregate labels, and non-expert assertions cannot trigger BP6.
Sources

Not assessed · 17 · no assessment recorded

PS1 Not assessed: no validated alternate-codon variant producing the same p.Arg669Gln amino-acid change was identified. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is MSH3 NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A, p.Arg669Gln. No validated report of the same amino-acid change caused by a different nucleotide substitution was identified in the available case evidence. The case contains no variant-specific functional or clinical source establishing that an alternate codon change producing p.Arg669Gln is pathogenic.

Rule
PS1 requires a well-established pathogenic alternate nucleotide change producing the same amino-acid change.
Evidence considered
  • The normalized variant is NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A, NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln).
  • The available ClinVar record reports this exact variant but does not establish a pathogenic alternate-codon substitution producing p.Arg669Gln.
  • The reviewed paper extracts contain no MSH3 p.Arg669Gln or same-amino-acid comparator observation.
Still missing
  • A validated same-amino-acid change at p.Arg669 from a different nucleotide substitution is needed for PS1.
PS2 Not assessed: no confirmed proband de novo observation or parental testing showing absence of NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A in both biological parents. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PS2 cannot be assessed. The available case evidence does not document a proband with a confirmed de novo NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln) variant, nor does it provide confirmed parental genotypes demonstrating that the variant is absent in both biological parents. No maternity/paternity information, parental testing results, or validated de novo observation is available. Generic ACMG/AMP PS2 requires reliable parental testing and cannot be inferred from the variant's rarity, ClinVar record, or general disease literature.

Rule
Generic ACMG/AMP PS2: apply only when a confirmed affected proband has a confirmed de novo variant with reliable parental relationship and parental testing evidence; strength escalation requires specification-supported criteria or multiple independent observations.
Evidence considered
  • No proband-level de novo finding or parental genotype data are documented in the available case evidence.
  • The variant is an MSH3 missense change, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), but variant identity alone does not establish de novo occurrence.
  • Generic ACMG/AMP de novo evidence requires documented parental testing; no such result is available here.
Still missing
  • Documented proband phenotype and molecular test report
  • Genotypes of both biological parents at NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A
  • Confirmation of biological relationships and reliable de novo status
Sources
PS3 Not assessed: no validated variant-specific functional assay or controlled biological readout demonstrating that MSH3 p.Arg669Gln impairs function was identified. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP specification was available, so generic ACMG/AMP criteria were used. The variant is a missense change, but the reviewed evidence contains no validated variant-specific functional assay, quantitative biological readout, assay controls, or reproducible experimental result demonstrating a damaging effect. The available ClinVar submission text explicitly states that the benign computational prediction had not been confirmed by functional studies; this is an absence of evidence, not positive functional evidence. PS3 therefore cannot be assessed at any strength.

Evidence considered
  • The case evidence identifies NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A as the missense variant NP_002430.3:p.Arg669Gln in MSH3.
  • The reviewed ClinVar submission text states that the benign REVEL prediction had not been confirmed by functional studies; it reports no completed variant-specific assay result.
  • The generic ACMG/AMP guidance describes functional studies as evidence but does not report a functional assay for this variant or MSH3 p.Arg669Gln specifically.
Still missing
  • A validated variant-specific functional assay with appropriate positive and negative controls and a disease-relevant readout is needed.
  • No published functional study directly evaluating MSH3 p.Arg669Gln was identified among the reviewed sources.
Sources
PS4 Not assessed: no case-control counts, enrichment statistic, or variant-specific affected-patient cohort is available for c.2006G>A. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP framework is available, so the generic ACMG/AMP PS4 concept applies: PS4 requires a statistically significant excess of the exact variant or a well-defined variant class in affected individuals compared with controls. The available evidence contains no case-control counts, odds ratio, enrichment statistic, or variant-specific affected-patient cohort for NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln). The cited publications were checked in the pre-computed extracts and do not mention this variant; therefore PS4 cannot be assessed rather than inferred from general MSH3 or mismatch-repair disease information.

Rule
Generic ACMG/AMP PS4: statistically significant increased prevalence of the variant or a well-defined variant class in affected individuals compared with controls; no applicable MSH3-specific VCEP rule was found.
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar exact-match records show only uncertain-significance and single-submitter likely-benign laboratory assertions, not a variant-specific case-control study.
  • The extracted publications do not mention MSH3 c.2006G>A/p.Arg669Gln and provide no variant-specific affected-case cohort or enrichment statistic.
Still missing
  • Variant-specific affected-case count and an appropriate control comparison are unavailable.
  • No odds ratio, relative risk, statistical significance, or validated enrichment threshold is available.
Sources
PM1 Not assessed: no MSH3-approved domain table or validated critical functional-region annotation places p.Arg669 in a PM1-qualifying region. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No governing MSH3 VCEP or gene-specific specification is available, and vcep_materials.json has no MSH3 domain_tables entry. The case evidence also provides no validated critical functional domain, hotspot, or residue-level functional-region annotation for MSH3 p.Arg669. Therefore PM1 cannot be established from the generic framework.

Rule
PM1 requires a variant located in a mutational hot spot or well-established critical functional domain without benign variation; a gene-specific specification takes precedence when available.
Evidence considered
  • No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP framework was found, and vcep_materials.json contains an empty domain_tables object.
  • The Cancer Hotspots result reports no statistically significant hotspot at MSH3 R669.
  • No other validated domain or critical functional-region annotation for residue 669 is present in the case evidence.
Still missing
  • A governing MSH3 domain specification or validated evidence that p.Arg669 lies in a critical functional domain or hotspot is needed.
PM3 Not assessed: no affected-proband biallelic observation or confirmed in-trans pathogenic MSH3 variant is documented. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP framework was available, so the generic ACMG/AMP PM3 definition was used. The available case evidence identifies NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln) as a missense variant but provides no affected-proband observation with a second pathogenic or likely pathogenic MSH3 variant, no confirmed biallelic genotype, and no phase or inheritance information establishing the variant in trans. Therefore PM3 cannot be applied.

Rule
{'framework': 'generic ACMG/AMP', 'criterion': 'PM3', 'requirement': 'Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant established in trans with the variant under assessment in an affected individual, with strength determined by the applicable allelic evidence.', 'application': 'Not assessable without affected-proband and phase evidence.'}
Evidence considered
  • No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP specification was retrieved; generic ACMG/AMP fallback was therefore required.
  • The case record identifies the variant as NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (NP_002430.3:p.Arg669Gln), but the consolidated evidence contains no affected-proband genotype, second pathogenic MSH3 variant, phase result, or inheritance information needed for PM3.
  • ClinVar records conflicting submissions for the variant but does not provide documented in-trans pathogenic-variant observations or phase evidence for this assessment; classification labels were not used as evidence.
Still missing
  • Affected-proband observations involving this variant are not documented.
  • A second pathogenic or likely pathogenic MSH3 variant and its phase relative to c.2006G>A are not documented.
  • Inheritance and parental phase information are not available.
Sources
generic_acmg_combination_rules
PM5 Not assessed: zero validated pathogenic or likely pathogenic alternate missense variants at MSH3 residue Arg669 were identified. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is missense at MSH3 residue Arg669, so PM5 is applicable in principle. However, no validated pathogenic or likely pathogenic missense comparator at the same residue was identified, and the available PM5 candidate artifact contains zero same-residue candidates and explicitly does not establish PM5 semantics.

Rule
PM5 requires a novel missense change at a residue where a different missense change is established as pathogenic or likely pathogenic.
Evidence considered
  • The normalized protein change is NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln).
  • The available same-residue comparator search contains zero candidates and does not establish a PM5-qualifying comparator.
  • No reviewed paper extract reports a pathogenic alternate missense substitution at residue 669.
Still missing
  • A validated pathogenic or likely pathogenic missense substitution at MSH3 residue Arg669 is needed for PM5.
PM6 Not assessed: no affected proband with a presumed de novo NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A result and no supporting parental or family evidence is reported. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PM6 cannot be assessed. The available evidence does not report NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln) as presumed de novo in an affected proband and provides no supporting parental testing, family structure, maternity/paternity assessment, or independent clinical report. A general ClinVar submission statement that the variant has not been reported in MSH3-associated familial adenomatous polyposis is not evidence of presumed de novo occurrence. PM6 cannot be inferred from population frequency, phenotype context, or a database classification.

Rule
Generic ACMG/AMP PM6: apply only for a presumed de novo variant in an affected individual when parental testing is unavailable but the clinical and family evidence supports that interpretation; do not substitute rarity or database absence for de novo evidence.
Evidence considered
  • No case report or clinical record in the available evidence describes this MSH3 variant as presumed de novo.
  • No parental testing, family structure, or maternity/paternity information is available to support a presumed de novo interpretation.
  • Absence of a prior report in a ClinVar submission is not evidence that the variant arose de novo.
Still missing
  • A published or clinical report describing the affected proband
  • Evidence that the variant was presumed de novo despite unavailable parental testing
  • Phenotype, family structure, maternity/paternity, and independent confirmation details
Sources
PP1 Not assessed: no informative affected relatives, non-carriers, meioses, or phenotype-concordant family segregation data are available. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

PP1 cannot be assessed. No affected relatives carrying NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), unaffected relatives lacking the variant, informative meioses, family segregation table, or phenotype concordance data are provided. The literature extracts available for this case do not report this MSH3 variant or any variant-specific segregation observation. A ClinVar classification or general MSH3 disease discussion cannot be used as a substitute for observed cosegregation in informative family members.

Rule
Generic ACMG/AMP PP1: apply only when a variant cosegregates with disease in informative affected and/or unaffected relatives; strength depends on the number and informativeness of independent meioses under an applicable calibrated framework.
Evidence considered
  • No affected-relative or unaffected-relative segregation data are documented for this variant.
  • No informative meioses or independent family observations are available.
  • The extracted literature does not report MSH3 c.2006G>A/p.Arg669Gln or variant-specific segregation findings.
Still missing
  • Genotypes and phenotypes of informative relatives
  • Number of informative meioses and independent families
  • Variant-specific segregation table or clinical reports
Sources
PP2 Not assessed: MSH3 loss-of-function evidence is present, but no gene-specific missense-rate data establish PP2 eligibility. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is missense, and the case contains general support for MSH3 loss of function as a disease mechanism. However, no applicable MSH3-specific framework or quantitative evidence demonstrates both that pathogenic missense variants are a common mechanism and that benign missense variation is uncommon, as required for PP2.

Rule
PP2 requires a missense variant in a gene for which missense variation is a common disease mechanism and benign missense variation is uncommon.
Evidence considered
  • The variant consequence is missense: NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln).
  • The case-level gene context supports MSH3 loss of function as a germline disease mechanism, but does not quantify benign versus pathogenic missense variation.
  • No MSH3-specific VCEP specification defining PP2 eligibility was available.
Still missing
  • Gene-specific evidence showing a low rate of benign missense variation and a meaningful contribution of pathogenic missense variants is needed.
PP4 Not assessed: no patient phenotype or family history sufficiently specific for an MSH3-related disease is documented. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP framework is available, so the generic ACMG/AMP PP4 concept applies: the patient's phenotype or family history must be highly specific for a disease with a single-gene etiology. The case evidence does not provide a patient phenotype, family history, or a disease-specific clinical presentation linked to this exact variant. General descriptions of mismatch-repair or endometrial-cancer phenotypes cannot establish PP4 for this variant or for MSH3 without patient-specific, highly specific phenotype data.

Rule
Generic ACMG/AMP PP4: patient's phenotype or family history is highly specific for a disease with a single-gene etiology; insufficient patient-specific phenotype data are available.
Evidence considered
  • The available ClinVar record contains no patient phenotype or family-history details for the exact variant.
  • The extracted literature discusses mismatch-repair and endometrial-cancer phenotypes generally but does not provide patient-specific or MSH3 c.2006G>A-specific phenotype evidence.
Still missing
  • Patient-level phenotype and family-history information is unavailable.
  • No validated MSH3-specific phenotype-to-disease specificity rule is available.
Sources
BS2 Not assessed: gnomAD shows zero homozygotes, but available heterozygotes lack individual phenotype data needed to establish BS2. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BS2 requires the variant to be observed in healthy individuals in a manner inconsistent with the disease model, typically including homozygous or hemizygous observations for a fully penetrant dominant disorder or affected-state observations for a recessive disorder. gnomAD reports zero homozygotes for this variant in the available all-comers and non-cancer datasets, and its heterozygote observations do not establish that carriers are clinically unaffected because individual phenotype and ascertainment data are unavailable. No independent healthy-carrier or disease-model evidence sufficient for BS2 was provided, so BS2 cannot be assessed.

Rule
{'source': 'generic_acmg_amp', 'requirement': 'observation in healthy individuals in a manner inconsistent with the disease model', 'population_source': 'population frequency data alone are insufficient without phenotype-linked evidence'}
Evidence considered
  • All-comers gnomAD v4.1 reports zero homozygotes; the non-cancer genome subset also reports zero homozygotes.
  • All-comers gnomAD v2.1 reports zero homozygotes; the non-cancer exome subset also reports zero homozygotes.
  • The available population records do not provide individual clinical phenotype or penetrance information for the observed heterozygotes.
Still missing
  • No phenotype-linked healthy-carrier or disease-model evidence establishing that this variant occurs in unaffected individuals in a BS2-compatible pattern.
Sources
BS3 Not assessed: no validated variant-specific assay with controlled, disease-relevant results showing normal MSH3 function was identified. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP specification was available, so generic ACMG/AMP criteria were used. The reviewed evidence contains no validated variant-specific functional assay showing that MSH3 p.Arg669Gln has a normal effect, and there are no quantitative benign functional results, assay controls, or disease-relevant biological measurements from which BS3 strength could be calibrated. Computational prediction, population frequency, and clinical classifications cannot substitute for the functional evidence required for BS3. BS3 therefore cannot be assessed at any strength.

Evidence considered
  • The case evidence identifies NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A as the missense variant NP_002430.3:p.Arg669Gln in MSH3.
  • The reviewed ClinVar submission text does not provide a normal-function assay result and instead notes that functional confirmation was unavailable.
  • The generic ACMG/AMP guidance provides general functional-study criteria but contains no variant-specific benign assay result for MSH3 p.Arg669Gln.
Still missing
  • A validated variant-specific functional assay with appropriate controls and a disease-relevant normal-function readout is needed.
  • No published functional study directly evaluating MSH3 p.Arg669Gln was identified among the reviewed sources.
Sources
BS4 Not assessed: no tested affected relatives lacking NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A and no informative non-segregation observation are documented. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

BS4 cannot be assessed. The available case evidence does not identify affected relatives who were tested and found not to carry NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), and it does not provide family phenotyping, age-related penetrance information, or informative non-segregation observations. The absence of reported family data is not equivalent to demonstrated non-segregation, and the variant's population frequency or conflicting ClinVar classifications do not satisfy BS4.

Rule
Generic ACMG/AMP BS4: apply only when an affected individual or affected relatives expected to carry the disease-associated variant test negative, with phenotype and family structure sufficiently informative to interpret the non-segregation.
Evidence considered
  • No affected relative with a reliable negative genotype is reported.
  • No informative family-level non-segregation result or phenotype/penetrance assessment is available.
  • Population observations and ClinVar classifications do not establish non-segregation in a family.
Still missing
  • Affected relatives tested for the variant
  • Reliable negative genotypes in affected relatives
  • Phenotype definitions, ages, penetrance, and family structure sufficient to interpret non-segregation
Sources
BP1 Not assessed: MSH3 loss-of-function evidence alone does not prove that pathogenic missense variants are uncommon enough for BP1. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is missense and the case contains general support for MSH3 loss of function as a disease mechanism, but that information alone does not establish that MSH3 disease is primarily caused by truncating variants or that missense variants are rarely pathogenic. No gene-specific quantitative missense-mechanism evidence or specification supports BP1.

Rule
BP1 requires a missense variant in a gene for which primarily truncating variants are known to cause disease and pathogenic missense variation is uncommon.
Evidence considered
  • The variant consequence is missense: NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln).
  • The case-level gene context supports MSH3 loss of function as a germline disease mechanism, but does not establish the predominance or rarity requirements for BP1.
  • No MSH3-specific VCEP specification defining BP1 eligibility was available.
Still missing
  • Gene-specific evidence that MSH3 disease is predominantly caused by truncating variants with rare pathogenic missense variation is needed.
BP2 Not assessed: no documented cis co-occurrence with a pathogenic or likely pathogenic MSH3 variant is available. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP framework was available, so the generic ACMG/AMP BP2 definition was used. The available case evidence provides no unaffected individual or affected individual with a second pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in cis with NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), and no phase or co-occurrence data are documented. Therefore BP2 cannot be applied.

Rule
{'framework': 'generic ACMG/AMP', 'criterion': 'BP2', 'requirement': 'Variant observed in trans with a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant, or in cis with a pathogenic variant, in an unaffected individual or affected individual, as applicable to the generic criterion definition.', 'application': 'Not assessable without individual-level co-occurrence and phase evidence.'}
Evidence considered
  • No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP specification was retrieved; generic ACMG/AMP fallback was therefore required.
  • The consolidated case evidence contains no unaffected- or affected-individual co-occurrence data, second pathogenic MSH3 variant, confirmed cis phase, or inheritance information needed for BP2.
  • ClinVar records conflicting submissions for the variant but does not provide documented cis co-occurrence or phase evidence for this assessment; classification labels were not used as evidence.
Still missing
  • No individual-level co-occurrence observation is documented.
  • A second pathogenic or likely pathogenic MSH3 variant in cis with c.2006G>A is not documented.
  • Phase information confirming cis configuration is not available.
Sources
generic_acmg_combination_rules
BP5 Not assessed: no confirmed alternate molecular or clinical explanation is documented to account for the relevant phenotype independently of this variant. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

No applicable MSH3-specific VCEP framework is available, and the available evidence does not document a confirmed alternate molecular or clinical explanation that accounts for the relevant phenotype while excluding this variant's causal role. General gene-level cancer information, a single somatic COSMIC observation, and non-expert ClinVar laboratory classifications do not establish BP5. No BP5-specific numeric rule or likelihood-ratio threshold is available in the governing evidence, so no numeric comparison can be performed.

Rule
Generic ACMG/AMP BP5 concept: an alternate molecular basis for the patient's phenotype is identified; no qualifying alternate explanation or applicable numeric threshold is available.
Evidence considered
  • ClinVar provides only non-expert single-submitter classifications and does not establish an alternate cause for a defined phenotype.
  • OncoKB reports no variant-specific reviewed evidence; its gene-level cancer context cannot establish BP5.
Still missing
  • A confirmed alternate molecular or clinical cause for the relevant phenotype is unavailable.
  • No applicable MSH3-specific BP5 rule or threshold is available.
Sources
Not applicable · 4· recorded as not applicable Show reasons ▾Hide reasons ▴
PVS1 N/APVS1 (ClinGen SVI PVS1 recommendations, PMC6185798, pvs1_generic_framework) applies only to null variant classes — nonsense, frameshift, canonical ±1/2 splice-consensus, translation-initiation-codon loss, and stop-loss variants — each expected to trigger nonsense-mediated decay or otherwise abolish normal protein function. NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A in MSH3 is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln). As a result, no null-variant mechanism (nonsense-mediated decay, truncation, or canonical splice disruption) is triggered by this variant class, so PVS1's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication, because no structured VCEP criteria-combination framework governs this case (framework_complete=false); the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 fallback applies. Details ▾Hide ▴
Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_null_variant_class
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
Sources
pvs1_generic_framework ↗generic_acmg_combination_rules
PM4 N/APM4 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) applies to protein length changes: in-frame insertions/deletions in a non-repetitive region, or stop-loss variants that extend the protein past the reference stop codon. NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A in MSH3 is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln). As a result, no change in protein length occurs, so there is nothing for this criterion to evaluate, so PM4's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication, because no structured VCEP criteria-combination framework governs this case (framework_complete=false); the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 fallback applies. Details ▾Hide ▴
Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_stop_loss_or_nonrepeat_indel
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
Sources
pvs1_generic_framework ↗generic_acmg_combination_rules
BP3 N/ABP3 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) applies to in-frame insertions/deletions located in a repetitive region without a known function. NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A in MSH3 is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln). As a result, the variant does not alter protein length within a repeat region, so there is nothing for this criterion to evaluate, so BP3's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication, because no structured VCEP criteria-combination framework governs this case (framework_complete=false); the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 fallback applies. Details ▾Hide ▴
Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_repeat_region_indel
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
Sources
pvs1_generic_framework ↗generic_acmg_combination_rules
BP7 N/ABP7 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) is defined for a synonymous (silent) variant for which splicing prediction algorithms predict no impact to the splice consensus sequence and the nucleotide is not highly conserved. NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A in MSH3 is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln). As a result, the encoded protein sequence is altered, so the criterion's silent-variant premise does not hold regardless of any splicing prediction, so BP7's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication, because no structured VCEP criteria-combination framework governs this case (framework_complete=false); the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 fallback applies. Details ▾Hide ▴
Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_synonymous
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
Sources
generic_acmg_combination_rules

Identifiers

Gene
MSH3
Transcript
NM_002439.5
Coding (HGVS c.)
NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A
Protein (HGVS p.)
NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln)
GRCh38
chr5:80768042 G>A
GRCh37
chr5:80063861 G>A
Location and type
Exon 14 · missense
ClinVar
654902
COSMIC
COSV99434793

Gene diagram

Every interpreted variant in MSH3, mapped onto the exon structure of NM_002439.5. Select a row to find it on the plot.

MSH3NM_002439.5
Fetching transcript structure from UCSC…
gnomAD v4.1 72 / 1,613,448 alleles AF 4.46e-05 · 0 homozygotes · FAF 4.35e-05
gnomAD v2.1 6 / 251,258 alleles AF 2.39e-05 · 0 homozygotes · FAF 2.3e-05
gnomAD-Canada v1.0 Allele count data not recorded

By genetic ancestry

gnomAD v4.1

AF 4.5e-05 · 72 / 1,613,448 alleles · 0 hom · FAF 4.3e-05
Admixed American4 / 59,980 6.7e-05
European (non-Finnish)64 / 1,179,766 5.4e-05
East Asian1 / 44,844 2.2e-05
South Asian2 / 91,064 2.2e-05
African/African American1 / 74,778 1.3e-05
0 alternate alleles recorded in 5 other groups: Remaining individuals, European (Finnish), Amish, Middle Eastern, Ashkenazi Jewish.

gnomAD v2.1

AF 2.4e-05 · 6 / 251,258 alleles · 0 hom · FAF 2.3e-05
Admixed American3 / 34,590 8.7e-05
African/African American1 / 16,244 6.2e-05
European (non-Finnish)2 / 113,578 1.8e-05
0 alternate alleles recorded in 5 other groups: Ashkenazi Jewish, East Asian, European (Finnish), Remaining individuals, South Asian.

Statements

gnomAD v4.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 4.46249e-05; MAF= 0.00446%, 72/1613448 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Admixed American population (AF= 6.66889e-05; MAF= 0.00667%, 4/59980 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 4.347e-05.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 2.38798e-05; MAF= 0.00239%, 6/251258 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Admixed American population (AF= 8.67303e-05; MAF= 0.00867%, 3/34590 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.298e-05.

gnomAD-Canada

Not available in gnomAD-Canada v1.0.

SpliceAI and Pangolin

SpliceAI acceptor lossat -13 bp
0.022
SpliceAI acceptor gainat +2 bp
0.000
SpliceAI donor lossat +78 bp
0.003
SpliceAI donor gainat +82 bp
0.000
Pangolin splice lossmagnitude shown
-0.027
Pangolin splice gain
0.003

Other predictors

REVEL
0.202
BayesDel
-0.379

How the predictions were used

BP4 SupportingMet at supporting strength: REVEL score 0.202 is below the BP4 threshold of 0.29 for missense variants. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is a missense substitution, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the sole applicable computational path. The REVEL score is 0.202, meeting the generic ClinGen SVI BP4 supporting threshold of <=0.29. It does not meet the stronger BP4 thresholds of <=0.183 (moderate) or <=0.016 (strong). SpliceAI and BayesDel were not used because they are not the calibrated path for this missense BP4 assessment, and no MSH3-specific VCEP specification was available.

Rule
missense_only; REVEL_BP4_supporting <= 0.29; moderate <= 0.183; strong <= 0.016
Evidence considered
  • The normalized consequence is missense, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the applicable BP4 path and SpliceAI is not used.
  • REVEL score: 0.202; generic ClinGen SVI calibration assigns BP4 supporting at <=0.29, moderate at <=0.183, and strong at <=0.016 (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997).
Sources
revel
PP3 Not met: REVEL score 0.202 is below the PP3 supporting threshold of 0.644 for missense variants. Details ▾Hide ▴
Reasoning

The variant is a missense substitution, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the sole applicable computational path. The REVEL score is 0.202, which does not meet the generic ClinGen SVI PP3 supporting threshold of >=0.644; the stronger PP3 thresholds are also not met. SpliceAI and BayesDel were not used because they are not the calibrated path for this missense PP3 assessment, and no MSH3-specific VCEP specification was available.

Rule
missense_only; REVEL_PP3_supporting >= 0.644; moderate >= 0.773; strong >= 0.932
Evidence considered
  • The normalized consequence is missense, NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A (p.Arg669Gln), so REVEL is the applicable PP3 path and SpliceAI is not used.
  • REVEL score: 0.202; generic ClinGen SVI calibration assigns PP3 supporting at >=0.644, moderate at >=0.773, and strong at >=0.932 (Pejaver et al. 2022, PMID:36413997).
Sources
revel
BP7 N/ABP7 (Richards et al. 2015, PMID:25741868) is defined for a synonymous (silent) variant for which splicing prediction algorithms predict no impact to the splice consensus sequence and the nucleotide is not highly conserved. NM_002439.5:c.2006G>A in MSH3 is a missense substitution predicted to produce NP_002430.3:p.(Arg669Gln). As a result, the encoded protein sequence is altered, so the criterion's silent-variant premise does not hold regardless of any splicing prediction, so BP7's structural prerequisite is not met by this variant class. This determination was made deterministically from the variant's consequence class, prior to LLM adjudication, because no structured VCEP criteria-combination framework governs this case (framework_complete=false); the generic ACMG/AMP 2015 fallback applies. Details ▾Hide ▴
Rule
deterministic_prefilter: requires_synonymous
Evidence considered
  • Deterministic consequence classification: missense (prefetch.json normalized protein consequence)
Sources
generic_acmg_combination_rules

Statement

In silico

SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.02). REVEL score = 0.202. BayesDel score = -0.379204.

8 paper records listed. No publication is explicitly linked to an applied criterion in the recorded metadata. None of the listed paper records explicitly indicates that the variant is named.

Recorded publications

  • Endometrial cancer: a review and current management strategies: part I.
    SGO Clinical Practice Endometrial Cancer Working Group et al. · 2014
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 24905773 ↗
  • Endometrial cancer: a review and current management strategies: part II.
    SGO Clinical Practice Endometrial Cancer Working Group et al. · 2014
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 24929052 ↗
  • A practice guideline from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the National Society of Genetic Counselors: referral indications for cancer predisposition assessment.
    Hampel H et al. · 2015
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 25394175 ↗
  • Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology.
    Richards S et al. · 2015
    The paper does not mention MSH3, c.2006G>A, or NP_002430.3:p.(R669Q). It provides general ACMG/AMP standards for classifying Mendelian sequence variants, including guidance on population data, functional studies, computational predictions, case observations, segregation, and combining evidence, but reports no variant-specific functional assay, clinical case, segregation result, or population-frequency data relevant to this MSH3 variant.
    Does not name this variant
    PMID 25741868 ↗
    Quoted passage
    The variant classification approach described in this paper is meant to be applicable to variants in all Mendelian genes whether identified by single gene tests, multi-gene panels, exome sequencing or genome sequencing.

    Proposed Criteria for Interpretation of Sequence Variants

  • A Standardized DNA Variant Scoring System for Pathogenicity Assessments in Mendelian Disorders.
    Karbassi I et al. · 2016
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 26467025 ↗
  • Sherloc: a comprehensive refinement of the ACMG-AMP variant classification criteria.
    Nykamp K et al. · 2017
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 28492532 ↗
  • Endometrial cancer: A society of gynecologic oncology evidence-based review and recommendations, part II.
    Hamilton CA et al. · 2021
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 33451724 ↗
  • Endometrial cancer: A society of gynecologic oncology evidence-based review and recommendations.
    Hamilton CA et al. · 2021
    No paper-specific finding is recorded.
    PMID 33516529 ↗

Screenshots represent source records captured during evidence collection. Select one to view the recorded source content.

All source links

Statements for reports

The evidence statements recorded by the interpretation pipeline. They have not been reinterpreted by the page.

gnomAD v4.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 4.46249e-05; MAF= 0.00446%, 72/1613448 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Admixed American population (AF= 6.66889e-05; MAF= 0.00667%, 4/59980 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 4.347e-05.

gnomAD v2.1

This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 2.38798e-05; MAF= 0.00239%, 6/251258 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Admixed American population (AF= 8.67303e-05; MAF= 0.00867%, 3/34590 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 2.298e-05.

gnomAD-Canada

Not available in gnomAD-Canada v1.0.

ClinVar

This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (8 clinical laboratories) and as Likely benign (2 clinical laboratories). (ClinVarID = 654902)

In silico

SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.02). REVEL score = 0.202. BayesDel score = -0.379204.

Functional

OncoKB did not identify variant-specific reviewed functional evidence for this variant; gene-level curated context is available for reviewer follow-up. MSH3, a DNA mismatch repair protein, is frequently mutated in colorectal cancers.

Somatic

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV99434793, n = 1 times).

Cancer Hotspots

This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.