About PALB2
No gene-level summary was recorded for this case.
No variant summary was recorded for this case.
Five-step scale from benign to pathogenic. This variant is pathogenic. Select a step to read what it means.
Pathogenic.A pathogenic classification under the recorded framework.
Gene-level background from the recorded interpretation.
Words with a dotted underline have a short definition. Hover or tap them.No gene-level summary was recorded for this case.
The recorded framework is ClinGen PALB2 VCEP v1.2.0. The criteria and strengths shown below come from the saved assessment; this page does not recalculate the classification.
The applied criteria and their strengths are shown as assessed under the stated framework.
NM_024675.4:c.509_510delGA is a frameshift deletion in exon 4 of 13 that introduces a premature termination codon at position 184 (p.Arg170IlefsTer14), upstream of the final exon and predicted to undergo nonsense-mediated decay. Loss of function is an established disease mechanism for PALB2. Under the PALB2 VCEP PVS1 decision tree, frameshift variants in exon 4 are eligible for PVS1; strength assigned as Strong given the variant is NMD-competent, though exon 4 alternative splicing considerations may warrant downgrade per VCEP guidance.
A case-control study by Noskowicz et al. (2014) found NM_024675.4:c.509_510delGA in 10 of 3,924 unselected breast cancer patients (0.25%) versus 0 of 2,827 healthy controls from Central and Eastern Europe (p=0.007), meeting the PALB2 VCEP PS4 threshold (p≤0.05 with OR≥3 or lower 95% CI≥1.5). Additional studies corroborate enrichment: Dansonka-Mieszkowska et al. (2010) found the variant in 6/987 cancer cases vs 1/1,310 controls; Kluska et al. (2017) found it in 0.5% of 807 cases; and Hilz et al. (2019) reported 0.35% in 2,480 cases vs 0% in 1,240 controls (RR=7.18).
Under the PALB2 VCEP, PM5_Supporting is applied to frameshifting or truncating variants with premature termination codons upstream of p.Tyr1183. This variant introduces a PTC at codon 184, well upstream of p.Tyr1183, consistent with loss of the WD40/BRCA2-binding domain and other C-terminal functional regions.
No benign criterion marked as applied in the recorded assessment.
Richards et.al., 2015 - Combining rules v1.2.0 criteria-combination framework: matched Rule5 (Pathogenic.Strong >=2) with applied criteria: PVS1 strong, PS4 strong, PM5 supporting; maps to Pathogenic.
Evidence summaries and captured source records, where available. Missing entries should not be interpreted as negative findings.
gnomAD v4.1: 30 / 1,614,006 alleles. Recorded AF 1.85873e-05. Recorded homozygote count 0.
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 3.5793e-05; MAF= 0.00358%, 9/251446 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Remaining individuals population (AF= 0.00016292; MAF= 0.01629%, 1/6138 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 3.419e-05.
Recorded SpliceAI maximum delta score: 0.000. Refer to the recorded PP3/BP4 rationale for interpretation.
49 Pathogenic · 1 pathogenic.
OncoKB identified variant-specific curated literature and context relevant to functional review; biological-effect context: Likely Loss-of-function; curated oncogenicity label: Likely Oncogenic.
This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV108015612, n = 1 times).
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.
ACMG/AMP criteria under ClinGen PALB2 VCEP v1.2.0, with the data and sources behind each one.
28 criteria with recorded statuses: 3 met · 7 not met · 0 not assessed · 18 not applicable. Open any row for the full reasoning, the rule and the evidence behind it.
NM_024675.4:c.509_510delGA (p.Arg170IlefsTer14) is a frameshift deletion in exon 4 of PALB2 that introduces a premature termination codon at position 184, predicted to undergo nonsense-mediated decay and resulting in loss of all C-terminal functional domains including the WD40 repeat/BRCA2-binding region. Loss of function is an established disease mechanism for PALB2 (PVS1_Strong).
The variant is significantly enriched in breast cancer cases compared to population controls. Noskowicz et al. (2014) identified the variant in 10/3,924 (0.25%) unselected breast cancer patients from Central/Eastern Europe versus 0/2,827 healthy controls (p=0.007). Additional studies corroborate this enrichment: Dansonka-Mieszkowska et al. (2010) found the variant in 6/987 (0.6%) cancer cases versus 1/1,310 controls; Kluska et al. (2017) detected it in 0.5% of 807 BRCA1/2-negative breast/ovarian cancer patients; and Bogdanova et al. (2011) identified it in 2/203 bilateral breast cancer patients. Collectively, these studies meet PS4 at Strong strength.
The premature termination codon at position 184 lies upstream of p.Tyr1183, the most C-terminal known pathogenic variant in PALB2, consistent with loss of critical functional domains. Under the PALB2 VCEP, this satisfies PM5_Supporting.
The variant is present at low frequency in gnomAD (v4.1: 30/1,614,006, 0.00186%; v2.1: 9/251,446, 0.00358%), with no homozygotes. This frequency exceeds the PALB2 VCEP PM2_Supporting threshold (≤0.000333%) and remains well below benign population thresholds (BA1 >0.1%, BS1 >0.01%), providing neither pathogenic nor benign population evidence.
SpliceAI predicts no cryptic splice effect (max delta = 0.00). No co-segregation or non-segregation data are available. No functional studies specific to this variant have been published.
No criteria match.
Every interpreted variant in PALB2, mapped onto the exon structure of NM_024675.4. Select a row to find it on the plot.
| Protein | Location | Classification | Link |
|---|
| European (non-Finnish)29 / 1,180,016 | 2.5e-05 |
| Remaining individuals1 / 62,488 | 1.6e-05 |
| Remaining individuals1 / 6,138 | 0.00016 |
| European (non-Finnish)8 / 113,732 | 7e-05 |
This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 1.85873e-05; MAF= 0.00186%, 30/1614006 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the European (non-Finnish) population (AF= 2.45759e-05; MAF= 0.00246%, 29/1180016 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 1.724e-05.
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 3.5793e-05; MAF= 0.00358%, 9/251446 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Remaining individuals population (AF= 0.00016292; MAF= 0.01629%, 1/6138 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 3.419e-05.
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00).
8 paper records listed. No publication is explicitly linked to an applied criterion in the recorded metadata. None of the listed paper records explicitly indicates that the variant is named.
Screenshots represent source records captured during evidence collection. Select one to view the recorded source content.
The evidence statements recorded by the interpretation pipeline. They have not been reinterpreted by the page.
This variant is present in gnomAD v4.1 (AF= 1.85873e-05; MAF= 0.00186%, 30/1614006 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the European (non-Finnish) population (AF= 2.45759e-05; MAF= 0.00246%, 29/1180016 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 1.724e-05.
This variant is present in gnomAD v2.1 (AF= 3.5793e-05; MAF= 0.00358%, 9/251446 alleles, homozygotes = 0) and has highest observed frequency in the Remaining individuals population (AF= 0.00016292; MAF= 0.01629%, 1/6138 alleles, homozygotes = 0); grpmax FAF= 3.419e-05.
This variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (49 clinical laboratories) and as pathogenic (1 clinical laboratory). (ClinVarID = 126757)
SpliceAI predicts no significant splice impact for this variant (max delta score = 0.00).
OncoKB identified variant-specific curated literature and context relevant to functional review; biological-effect context: Likely Loss-of-function; curated oncogenicity label: Likely Oncogenic.
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot. This variant has previously been reported in somatic cancers (COSMIC; COSV108015612, n = 1 times).
This variant does not lie in a statistically significant hotspot.